Sport Fitness & Physique

According to recent data from the National Diabetes Information Clearinghouse (NDIC), one in five people suffer from Type 2 Diabetes, a serious and potentially deadly disease.   Type 2 Diabetes can be both preventable and reversible with the proper diet and lifestyle modifications, so let’s try to understand the root cause of Type 2 Diabetes and how we can correct the condition.

The identifying factor of Type 2 Diabetes is insulin resistance.  Insulin is the hormone released to handle energy circulating in the bloodstream. When we eat a meal, the food we eat is digested and converted to an energy source that our cells can handle.   This energy source is called glucose.  When glucose enters the bloodstream, insulin is released to assist the cells in glucose uptake. The more glucose we have circulating in our blood, the more insulin that is released to distribute the glucose to our cells.

When large doses of insulin enter the bloodstream on a daily basis, our cells will eventually become less and less sensitive to the hormone.  This desensitizing leads to a surplus of circulating glucose each time we eat.   And, since our cells are no longer responding to insulin properly, the excess glucose is not going to the cells but is being quickly stored as body fat instead.   To compound this problem, any extra body fat we accumulate will contribute to an even greater resistance to insulin, and so the cycle will continue and the condition will continue to worsen.

Fighting a Losing Battle?

People with Type 2 Diabetes often complain of hunger and rightly so.   Insulin resistance interferes with normal hunger signaling between the brain and the digestive system.   Most of us believe we get hungry because our stomach is empty, but that’s just not true.   Hunger is not a function of an empty stomach. Hunger is first a chemical response triggered by a lack of glucose in our cells and a lack of vital nutrients circulating through our bloodstream.

When our cells are starved for energy and there is a lack of vital nutrients in the bloodstream, a gland in the brain called the hypothalamus sends a signal to the gastrointestinal system to prepare for food.  This is what causes our stomach to ‘growl’ or ‘rumble.’  Digestive juices are being released as our digestive system prepares to accept food for the purpose of converting it to glucose.  Our stomach will begin to feel uncomfortable and we will begin thinking of food as the hunger signal is triggered within us.

Choosing our foods carefully when we feel hungry can greatly improve our insulin response.  The proper food choices will provide our cells with the energy the nutrition necessary for a healthful life.  Choosing the proper foods will help us manage our circulating glucose levels while preventing and even reversing the weight gain we typically experience with Type 2 Diabetes.

Since glucose is responsible for our insulin response at meal time, we would like to avoid foods that release large doses of insulin.  We should begin choosing foods that digest slowly, convert to glucose less readily and therefore cause less insulin to be released.  The following foods will help us manage our insulin while fortifying our bodies with the essential nutrients we need.   Think of this as an outline for your next trip to the grocery store and use these guidelines to help create your next shopping list.

Look for lean red meats like beef and any wild game. Lean pork is okay too.  You can enjoy any cut of lean meat which contains less than 10 grams of fat per serving.

Enjoy chicken, turkey breast or any other kind of fowl.   Be sure to eat a balance of white meats (breast) and dark meats (leg, thigh and wing) when eating fowl.

Explore all kinds of fish; fresh is best, but all all types of fish and all crustaceans (like shrimp, crab and lobster) are excellent sources of protein and healthy fats.

Fresh meats, poultry and seafood are important staples of a healthy diet.  The protein helps us build and maintain our muscle and the healthy fats they contain help us rebuild our cells, improve our insulin sensitivity and fortify our immune system.  The proteins and healthy Omega-3 fats contained in lean cuts of meat digest slowly, satisfy our hunger much better and prevent us from overeating as well.

Don’t skimp on fresh fruits.  Fruits are important!   Choose fruits that are in season where you live and indulge in a wide variety of fresh fruits, berries and melons when you can. The antioxidants, fiber and water these delicacies provide are crucial to a healthy lifestyle.

Experiment with a wide variety of fresh vegetables in your diet.  Vegetables may be even more important than fruits.  Vegetables contain the B family of vitamins that are necessary for a healthy liver and healthy brain function.

For a special treat, gently steam your vegetables and enjoy them with a spritz your own homemade dressing.   Simply combine equal parts of olive oil and white vinegar together in a spray bottle.   Use this simple, tasty and tangy dressing to top your meats and vegetables for a delicious and healthy alternative to sugary, store-bought dressings.

Use healthy oils in your daily diet.  Oils such as fish oil, flax oil, coconut oil, olive oil and canola oil are all very healthy, good for your heart, will improve your insulin resistance and will improve your cholesterol levels too.  Virgin coconut oil is fantastic for cooking; it has a high flash point (which means it will not burn readily) and adds a light, healthful flavor to meats, poultry, fish and grilled vegetables.

Season your foods with a wide variety of fresh herbs like anise, basil, bay leaf, caraway, chervil, chive, dill weed, fennel seed, fenugreek, marjoram, mustard, oregano, parsley, peppermint, rosemary, sage, savory, spearmint, tarragon and thyme. These herbs are healthful, tasty and calorie free additions to your diet.

Spice up your menu with a wide variety of fresh spices like black pepper, cardamom, cayenne,  chili powder, cinnamon, clove, corianders, cumin, curry powder, ginger, mace, nutmeg, paprika, red pepper, saffron and turmeric.   There are so many spices to choose from and the variety that spices can provide will help keep your diet exciting and your hunger satisfied.

If your doctor or health professional allows salt in your diet, choose all natural sea salt instead of ‘table salt.’  All natural sea salt contains many of the natural minerals that your body needs.   Typical table salt contains sodium and is mostly chemical in nature. Table salt raises blood pressure and increases the risk of heart attack or stroke so avoid it when you can.   All natural sea salt is a much better alternative to table salt.

Limit your condiments to fresh salsa, horse radish, prepared mustard, Tabasco and vinegar and use them in moderation.   Avoid things like barbeque sauce, catsup and store-bought dressings, sauces and marinades.   They contain far too much sugar, salt and sodium –all of which will sabotage your healthful diet.

Choose from these abundant whole foods as you prepare your daily meals and you will find that you feel more satisfied, less hungry and more energetic.

In our next installment, we will offer meal planning suggestions using these foods in new and exciting ways.

To your good health!

Paul D'Arcy NSCA, CPT, Poliquin certified BioSignature Practitioner

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